REPUBLIKA.CO.ID, MANILA - The president of the overwhelmingly Catholic Philippines proposed Wednesday to give Muslims in the south the ability to run their own government under their own flag, part of a peace plan aimed at ending a four-decade rebellion that has killed 150,000 people.
The draft law submitted to Congress fleshes out a peace deal signed in March by the country's largest Muslim insurgent group, the 11,000-strong Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF). The autonomous region in the southern island of Mindanao, to be called Bangsamoro, would get its own 60-member parliament that would wield exclusive power over such areas as agriculture, trade, tourism and education.
Under the proposal, Islamic Shariah law would apply to Muslims, but the country's justice system would continue to apply to non-Muslims — in contrast with the Islamic State group, which is imposing Shariah law on areas they control in Syria and Iraq.
President Benigno Aquino III's government also has promised to pour 17 billion pesos (389 million USD) in special development funds over the next five years into the region, which has been stunted economically due to the conflict.
The rebels have been fighting since the 1970s for Muslim self-rule in Mindanao in an insurrection that has killed about 150,000 combatants and civilians. The United States and other Western governments have backed the autonomy deal partly to prevent the insurgency from breeding extremists who could threaten their countries. The peace accord and the draft law came after 13 years of tough negotiations.
"This is the farthest distance we have reached in our peace journey with the MILF," presidential adviser Teresita Deles said in a statement. "Every word, line, and provision shall be subjected to the sunshine of democratic debate, where all voices will be heard, with our constitution as the guiding light."
The central government would retain authority over areas such as defense, foreign and monetary policy, postal service and immigration, according to the proposal.
The bill is expected to come under intense scrutiny in parliament, but it is eventually expected to pass given that both Congress and the House of Representatives are dominated by Aquino's allies. The bill may face legal challenges from Christian politicians and groups, which are wary of ceding territory, power and influence to Muslims.
At least three smaller Muslim groups oppose the autonomy deal and have vowed to fight it. And it may be difficult to convince all rebels with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front to surrender their weapons.
Filipinos have grown exasperated with the fighting in the south, so some politicians are reluctant to be seen opposing the plan, said analyst Ramon Casiple.
"This isn't a partisan issue," Casiple said. "If you go around saying you'll block this, a stance the public fears would lead to war, I don't think you'll get support from the people."
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